1Milka Marhamah,1Riyanti
1 Departement of Midwifery Poltekkes Kemenkes Palangka Raya
Keywords: Maternal sleep, iron, cognitive development, six-month baby, literacy review
Abstract
Introduction: The first thousand days of life represent a critical period for brain development. Maternal sleep quality and iron status during pregnancy independently influence infant cognitive outcomes. However, comprehensive evidence regarding their synergistic interaction remains limited. Globally, 35.5% of pregnant women experience anemia while insomnia prevalence reaches 61-76% in third trimester. Understanding the interaction between these modifiable risk factors is essential for developing effective prenatal interventions to optimize infant neurodevelopment at 6 months.
Purpose: To analyze the interaction between maternal sleep patterns during pregnancy and iron intake on infant cognitive development at 6 months of age through systematic literature review.
Methodology: The method used is a systematic literature review with PRISMA-ScR guidelines involved database search across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), ScienceDirect (Elsevier), Google Scholar which published between 2020 and 2024. identified 328 relevant articles and filtered further to 6 key articles that specifically discussed the research focus and met all quality criteria for deep analysis.
Findings: Poor maternal sleep quality and iron deficiency are independent risk factors for suboptimal infant cognitive development. Synergistic interaction exists where negative effects of one factor amplify when the other is compromised. Biological mechanisms involve inflammatory pathways and neurotransmitter regulation. Affected cognitive domains: executive function, working memory, information processing. Postnatal factors moderate prenatal exposure effects.
Limitation: An open-core methodological study and limited research that specifically tests direct interaction in the population of Indonesia.
Contribution: These studies can be applied to obstetrics, health care, and public health for the development of holistic interventions that integrate monitoring sleep quality and nutritional status during pregnancy.
